Is there a more specific word for endonyms which simply mean “our language” or similar and are semantically awkward for outsiders to use?

Not aware of such a term, but it’s a nice distinction: the endonym is really just a pronominal reference, so much “ours” that it doesn’t warrant a name at all.

I could coin the term hemeteronym, “ours-name”, for it, but I won’t. It’s a pronominal, or deictic, endonym.

Is it okay to re-use content from one of your previous answers on Quora to answer a similar question?

Well, if it wasn’t, we would all be in trouble. It’s not plagiarism if you’re quoting yourself, and it’s addressing the question.

What it should make you vigilant to, of course, is whether the question you’d answered and the question you’re answering might need to be merged…


EDIT: No, it is considered self-plagiarism. See exchange between John Gragson and Jay Wacker, Quora policy architect, starting at https://productupdates.quora.com… , and culminating with:

You can reuse your own, so long as you block quote and attribute to the original answer. This is not a new policy. People don’t want to read the same answer again and again.

What are some examples of translations of literature that are better than the original?

Germans have long thought that the Schlegel & Tieck translations of Shakespeare are better than the original. The conceit of Shakespeare being a translation from the original Klingon is an echo of that.

Not necessarily better, but certainly smoother is the best known translation of Cavafy, by Keeley & Sherrard. A lot of Cavafy is about his precarious linguistic eclecticism. It’s very hard to render in a non-diglossic language without sounding silly. Keeley & Sherrard, after others’ failed previous attempts, decided not to bother.

It’s not a faithful translation in that regard, no. But it is very readable.

How did the Greek tragedy originate?

No references were harmed or even looked at in the authoring of this answer.

It’s hard for us now to understand the awe and fear of ancient Greek religion. So when reading this answer, try not to think of Pericles and Demosthenes. Think instead of J. Random Tribesperson from, I dunno, Vanuatu or some place.

Booze was a scary thing to those who invented it, and no less scary to those who got hold of it. It made you act like you were possessed by a god. A scary god, who was also tried up somehow with sex and fertility. A god who was somehow acting out through you, and you had no control of yourself.

In fact, that’s the original meaning of the word enthusiasm. Being entheos, in-god: having a god inside you.

There were religious festivals to propitiate this strange, scary god called Dionysus. The festivals involved people getting drunk, which was a scary thing. And having the god speak through them in rant and song.

2500 years on outside your neighborhood bar at 3 am, I would argue not much has changed.

Because this was a religious ceremony, full of awe and solemnity, the drunken songs had names. Dionysus was somehow tied up with fertility, and given the stereotypes of the animal kingdom, some songs were called goat songs. I forget why other songs were called the kōmos, because I’m refusing to look up any references.

Because this was a religious ceremony and not a frat party or soccer match booze up, the songs had a religious bent. Being possessed by the god was scary, and the songs were about scary religious stories that invited awe and fear. You know. Myths.

Because the god was in them (they were drunk), they would tell the stories from the perspective of the god. In the first person.

At some stage, someone in the crowd listening to the holy drunken recitation of myths decided to join in.

And take turns telling the myth with them, in the first person.

Which turned into them acting out the myth story.

Drama was presented in Athens during the Dionysia, the religious festival of Dionysus. They involved song and dance, and a chorus of actors singing solemn songs, and having individuals talk back to them.

The Greek for goat song is tragōidia.

The Greek for kōmos song is kōmōidia.

How can we build a microservice using Go?

Like you build a microservice in any other programming language, but with the advantage that concurrency is baked into the language.

You’ll need a messaging system as your backend for services, that can talk to Golang. Kafka will, and so will NATS.

You will need a HTTP server front end in Golang, that receives RESTful service calls and passes messages from the HTTP on to an incoming messaging queue, or reads messages from an outgoing messaging queue to HTTP. labstack/echo is an example of that.

You will need a message handler and distributor in Golang, that grabs messages from a messaging queue, invokes one or more microservices on them, and puts the output of those microservices on another messaging queue.

You will need a series of microservices, coded in Golang and all running at the same time, that read in a message and output a different message.

I did not build the base framework of nsip/nias2, the Golang Microservice set I’m contributing to; my CTO Matt Farmer did, and his code is very legible. Unlike mine.

And of course, consult How is Go (programming language) used in microservice architecture?

How are deleted answers counted, if at all, toward the new Quora “stats” of views and upvotes?

I can confirm this. I have just deleted my all-time most popular answer ever, and turned it into an answer wiki instead for What is the difference between realize and realise? Can it be used interchangeably?

The 20k views of that question are gone from both my stats graphs, and from my profile “About” sidebar. It took maybe an hour for the latter to refresh; the graphs lost the deleted answer immediately.

I can’t confirm the same for upvotes, because said answer never got any upvotes. As befits something that should have been an answer wiki to begin with. (It was just a link of related questions. And I hadn’t made it an answer wiki at the time, because No Onboarding On Quora.)

Why do the All Time Stats graphs have such difficulty and slowness loading in Quora?

I am the first to say that Quora Inc are technically incompenent (in places; I was rather impressed with their recent post on CSS: Faster Paint Times by Michael Yong on Engineering at Quora).

But concretely, look more closely at the all time graph.

See how it starts back at 2013 or whenever? (I’m not checking, coz it’s slow.)

What’s the bet that the all time graph doesn’t start fetching data to plot from when you joined Quora, but from the start of time?


Oh, and 1.6 million views is modest, is it?

I’ve got 300k.

I hate you.

(Checks profile)

Oh, you’re that anti-anti-smoking dude! In that case, I love you. Coz God knows, you’re not getting a whole lot of love on this forum…

Which people on Quora do you believe have blocked you unfairly, and why?

Two people to date. Arguable in both cases.

The first has an obsession on answering any question about the Roman Empire by taking it to include Byzantium. “How did the Roman Empire fall in 476?” “IT DIDN’T!!!!”

One particular post of his, I commented that his argument was casuistry. And, yes, I teased him for his obsession. It escalated rather quickly (10 minutes, 2 or 3 back and forths), he told me to fuck off and stop trolling him, and next thing you know, “Your comment cannot be posted at this time.”

Yeah, that was more my bad. I was right to challenge him, but should have gone straight afterwards to posting my own answer (which I did). And I was wrong to tease him.

The second posted an answer to a question on common law relationships. The answer was narrowly US-focussed, the question was implicitly US-focussed, and I commented something like “that’s a US-specific answer to a US-specific question”. (And then added two sentences about how common law relationships are legally accepted in Australia.)

“Your comment cannot be posted at this time.”

That, I think, was more his bad than mine.

How do you pronounce η (eta)?

How do I pronounce eta?

In Modern Greek: /i/.

When reading Ancient Greek to myself, still /i/. I’m Greek, which makes me Reuchlinian, as Haggen Kennedy described: I pronounce Ancient Greek as Modern Greek to myself.

When reading Ancient Greek out loud, or describing Ancient Greek historically, I do not use whatever weird-ass Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching they have in these parts. I do what we reasonably think eta originally was: [ɛː].

Why isn’t there a single Modern Latin language like Modern Greek?

How many months ago did you A2A me this, Zeibura S. Kathau? I’ve been clearing out my backlog.

The question really is not why isn’t there a Single Modern Latin, but why is there a Single Modern Greek.

  1. Actually, there is not a single Modern Hellenic language. Under no linguistically informed notion of language is Tsakonian or Southern Cappadocian the same language as Standard Athenian Greek. You have to be damned generous to say Pontic is. And if we’re being honest, basilectal Cypriot is pretty iffy too. But it is still fair to say that there is less diversity within the Hellenic languages than there is within the Romance languages.
  2. The area over which Modern Romance languages were spoken historically is much bigger than the area over which Modern Hellenic languages were. Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Romania, patches of the Balkans; vs. Greece, Cyprus, and patches of the Anatolian hinterland [EDIT: and some other bits: see Dimitra Triantafyllidou’s comment]. Greece may have been the Eastern Roman Empire’s lingua franca, but that didn’t hellenise the Slavs or the Syrians.

A rough guess at 800 AD dominion of Romance and Hellenic languages.

  1. There are lots of substrates at work in Romance, both Celtic and Germanic (and whatever the hell the substrate of Romanian is). That’s a large part of what has differentiated the Romance languages. Now, Greece has had its share of other peoples moving in too, and there’s a lot of adstratal effects on Greek: Greek is a part of the Balkan Sprachbund, especially on the Balkan mainland, and there have been clear contact effects—not all one way. But even though there were clearly substantial hellenised Slavic populations in the middle ages, Greek does not come across as a language with a whole lot of substrate going on.
    1. Tsakonian does; but Hesseling was pilloried for suggesting it. By town council meeting, no less.
    2. If an Egyptian Greek had survived, you’d be seeing a lot more substrate effects. They’re certainly quite clear in the papyri.
  2. The prestige of archaic Greek (particularly church Greek; much later on, written Greek in general) had a profoundly conservative effect on the language, in a way that was different to Western Europe. In fact, the Greek Aromanian linguist Nikos Katsanis has pointed out that the most extreme palatalisations that have happened in Greece were in Tsakonian and Aromanian. Both were so far removed from the language of the Church, that the language of the Church could not have any effect on their pronunciation.
    1. He left out Lesbos, where there’s been similar hi-jinx. But it’s a nice observation.